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What is SEO, and how does it work?

By Mahmoud SaiedLast updated 27 October 20262 min read

The short answer

SEO is improving your website so Google understands it and shows it in the free results when people search for what you offer. Google works in three stages: crawling to discover pages, indexing to understand and store them, then serving the most relevant results for each search, and it does not accept payment to rank a site higher.

Step by step

  1. 1

    Crawling

    Google's programs follow links and sitemaps to discover your pages, and a page that no link points to may never be found.

  2. 2

    Indexing

    Google analyzes a page's text, title and images to understand its topic, and it does not guarantee to index every page it visits.

  3. 3

    Serving results

    For each search, Google picks the most useful pages for what the searcher means, taking into account factors such as their language, location and device.

  4. 4

    Technical SEO

    Site speed, good performance on mobile, working links, and no indexing errors.

  5. 5

    On-page SEO

    Content that clearly answers the question, and a title and description that match what people type into search.

  6. 6

    Off-site SEO

    Links and mentions from trusted websites, genuine reviews, and a complete Google Business Profile.

A common mistake

Stuffing a page with keywords is against Google's spam policies, and it harms your site rather than lifting it.

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