Egyptian labor law guide for HR
The key laws governing employment, social insurance and tax in Egypt, free to download as PDF, with a short explanation of what matters to employers and HR managers.
The new Labor Law
The latest law governing employment relations in Egypt, replacing Law No. 12 of 2003, with updated provisions on employment contracts, modern work patterns, worker protection and dispute resolution.
Download the law, PDF The new Labor LawSocial Insurance and Pensions Law
Governs insurance contributions, pensions, compensation and work injuries, and the relationship of employer and employee with the National Organization for Social Insurance.
Download the law, PDF Social Insurance and Pensions LawIncome Tax Law amendment
Sets the tax framework for salaries and wages, the brackets and exemptions, and how tax is calculated and withheld from employee pay.
Download the law, PDF Income Tax Law amendmentThe previous Labor Law
The law that governed employment relations in Egypt for more than two decades, still a useful reference for cases that arose under it.
Download the law, PDF The previous Labor Law
Disclaimer. The laws here are for information and education. We recommend referring to the texts published in the Official Gazette or consulting a specialist before making any decision. The law texts are in Arabic.
What compliance with these laws gives you
Legal protection
Avoid fines and costly labor disputes.
Secure rights
Employees confident in their rights are more loyal and productive.
A stronger reputation
A responsible employer attracts the best people.
Accurate financial planning
Realistic budgets that include insurance and tax.
Calculate it yourself
Net salary, social insurance, salary tax and pension calculators for Egypt, built directly on the texts of these laws.
Open the Egypt calculators about the Egypt calculatorsNeed a compliance review under the new law?
We review your contracts, internal regulations and insurance files, and hand you a gap report with a clear correction plan.
Labor law and social insurance questions
Short answers from the REFORMHRM team, with every HR question on one page.
All HR questionsWhat is the new Labor Law No. 14 of 2025?
The new law replaced Law No. 12 of 2003 and introduced updated provisions on employment contracts, modern work patterns and dispute resolution. We advise every company to review its contracts and internal regulations against its text, and we can carry out that review for you.
Are internal regulations mandatory for my company?
The law requires companies with the number of workers it specifies to set work and disciplinary regulations and have them approved by the competent authority. In any case they are the best way to protect the company and keep decisions consistent.
What are an employer's social insurance obligations in Egypt?
Registering the company and all employees with the National Organization for Social Insurance, calculating contributions on the insurable wage and paying them monthly on time, under Social Insurance and Pensions Law No. 148 of 2019.